FAQs on Tests

Color vision tests that consist of different colored circular dots are all called pseudoisochromatic color vision tests. The Ishihara, Dvorine, and this online Waggoner PIPHRR color vision test are all pseudoisochromatic color vision tests. This test is not the Ishihara but it is a pseudoisochromatic color vision test. The Waggoner PIPHRR computerized test is considered Ishihara compatible.

Color vision test booklets, such as the Ishihara, only screen for color vision deficiencies - giving a "yes" or "no" result. The Waggoner PIPHRR gives a diagnosis: it tells you if you have a color vision deficiency, what type (deutan, protan, and/or tritan), and how severe it is (mild, moderate, or severe). Additional advantages include standardization of the test where each person is given the same time interval on each test plate, and no cues from a person administering the test.

Yes. The test has been validated by several academic institutes. Dr. Terrace L. Waggoner, developer of the Waggoner PIPHRR, has created several other validated color vision tests. The same proven confusion colors are used here. Research has involved Southern California College of Optometry (SCCO) and Southern College of Optometry, Memphis, TN, among others.

In peer-reviewed studies, the Waggoner CCVT showed 95-97.7% sensitivity and 98-100% specificity compared with the anomaloscope. The anomaloscope is the gold standard for evaluating color vision tests. Studies: Ng et al., Optometry and Vision Science, 2015; Almustanyir, African Vision and Eye Health, 2025.

Pseudo-Isochromatic Plate Hardy Rand Rittler. Hardy, Rand, and Rittler were three doctors who developed the American Optical HRR.